Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 58
Filter
1.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 25(4): 1205-1214, abr. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BNUY, UY-BNMED | ID: biblio-1089530

ABSTRACT

Resumen La residencia de medicina familiar y comunitaria comenzó en Uruguay en el año 1997. A través de un proceso autogestionado, las primeras generaciones se moldearon en una formación que integraba en ellos el conocimiento y la experiencia hospitalarios junto con la praxis territorial en un servicio de salud de base comunitaria con población de referencia. El reconocimiento académico de la especialidad y la instalación de los ámbitos institucionales para su gestión fueron conquistas paralelas a ese proceso en la primera década. La segunda década estuvo marcada por la expansión territorial de la estructura docente-asistencial, la descentralización de la universidad y la participación activa de la medicina familiar y comunitaria en la reforma de la salud y la agenda de derechos. La tercera década de la especialidad se presenta en su inicio como crisis dada por la caída sostenida en la aspiración a la residencia. Desde una aproximación inicial a las explicaciones, se reflexiona sobre la posibilidad de estar frente a una crisis más profunda y la necesidad de encontrar las claves de una medicina del siglo XXI que permita alcanzar los principios de Alma Ata, siempre vigentes.


Abstract The Family and Community Medicine Residency started in Uruguay in 1997. Through a self-managed process, the first generations were molded into training that integrated hospital knowledge and experience with territorial praxis in a community-based health service with a population of reference. The academic recognition of the specialty and the installation of the institutional areas for its management were achievements parallel to that process in the first decade. The second decade was marked by the territorial teaching-assistance expansion in the country, university decentralization and the active participation of Family and Community Medicine in the Health Reform, and the country's rights agenda. The third decade of the specialty begins with a crisis triggered by the sustained decline in the aspiration for residency. An initial approach to explanations reflects on the possibility of facing a more profound crisis and the need to find the keys to a 21st century Medicine that allows us to achieve the principles of Alma-Ata that are still current.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Staff Development/history , Internship and Residency/history , Uruguay , Kazakhstan , Health Care Reform/history , Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Care Reform/organization & administration , Community Medicine/education , Community Medicine/history , Community Medicine/trends , Congresses as Topic/standards , Family Practice/education , Family Practice/history , Family Practice/trends , Internship and Residency/trends
2.
Salud pública Méx ; 61(5): 685-691, sep.-oct. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1127332

ABSTRACT

Resumen: La iniciativa con Proyecto de Decreto por el que se reforma la Ley General de Salud de México presentada en 2019 ante el Congreso de la Unión propone la creación de un sistema de acceso universal y gratuito a los servicios de salud y a medicamentos asociados para la población sin seguridad social y la creación del Instituto de Salud para el Bienestar. Este artículo analiza algunos aspectos sustantivos del Proyecto de Decreto con el objetivo de motivar la reflexión sobre la reforma propuesta y sus componentes más importantes para contribuir a su propósito. Se concluye que los principales temas del proyecto requieren precisión en rubros relevantes, como la transformación del esquema de financiamiento para la atención, el fortalecimiento de la rectoría y gobernanza, la responsabilidad en la provisión de servicios y la regulación y acceso a medicamentos. Las aportaciones de académicos, tomadores de decisiones y organizaciones sociales serán indispensables para una política pública de salud basada en evidencia y con equidad social.


Abstract: The initiative including an Act Project for reforming the Ley General de Salud of Mexico, submitted in 2019 to the Congress of the Union, proposes the creation of a system of universal and free access to health services and associated medicines for the population lacking of social security benefits, and the creation of the Instituto de Salud para el Bienestar. This article analyzes the substantive aspects of the project, with the aim of motivating the reflection of the proposed reform and its most important components, to contribute to achieving its aim. The conclusion is that the main themes of the Project require precision in relevant areas, such as the transformation of the financing scheme for care, the strengthening of stewardship and governance, the responsibility in the provision of services, and the regulation and access to medicines. The contributions of academics, decision makers and social organizations will be essential to create a public health policy based on evidence and social equity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Services Accessibility/legislation & jurisprudence , Legislation, Drug , National Health Programs/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Services Administration/legislation & jurisprudence , Pharmaceutical Preparations/supply & distribution , Delivery of Health Care/legislation & jurisprudence , Government Regulation , Financing, Government/legislation & jurisprudence , Mexico
3.
Salud pública Méx ; 61(2): 202-211, Mar.-Apr. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058973

ABSTRACT

Resumen: En este artículo se describen la creación de los marcos legales y el origen, crecimiento y consolidación de las instituciones e intervenciones (iniciativas, programas, políticas) que han conformado la salud pública moderna en México. También se discuten los esfuerzos recientes por hacer universal la protección social en salud. Esta gesta, que duró un siglo, se fue abriendo paso a través de tres generaciones de reformas que dieron lugar a un sistema de salud que hoy ofrece protección contra riesgos sanitarios, protección de la calidad de la atención y protección financiera a los habitantes de todo el país.


Abstract: This paper describes the creation of the legal framework and the origin, growth and consolidation of the institutions and interventions (initiatives, programs and policies) that nourished public health in Mexico in the past century. It also discusses the recent efforts to guarantee universal social protection in health. This quest, which lasted a century, developed through three generations of reform that gave birth to a health system that offers protection against sanitary risks, protection of health care quality and financial protection to all the population in the country.


Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Public Policy/history , Public Health/history , Health Care Reform/history , Personal Health Services/history , Personal Health Services/organization & administration , Public Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Public Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Right to Health/history , Health Services Accessibility/history , Health Services Accessibility/organization & administration , Mexico
4.
Salud pública Méx ; 58(5): 514-521, sep.-oct. 2016. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-830836

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Objetivo: Analizar el proceso de diseño e implementación del Acceso Universal con Garantías Explícitas (AUGE). Material y métodos: Revisión de bibliografía sobre antecedentes prerreforma, arquitectura de diseño y proceso de implementación de la reforma AUGE y, complementariamente, entrevistas a ocho informantes involucrados en su desarrollo. Resultados: La valoración de la equidad en la salud fue un elemento clave prerreforma; existen cuatro dimensiones fundamentales en el diseño y nueve fases en la implementación. Conclusión: Los resultados del AUGE muestran un fortalecimiento en la salud pública por la inversión en equipamiento para tratamientos costo-efectivos; también por las guías clínicas que estandarizan y orientan la gestión de los profesionales de la salud con los pacientes.


Abstract: Objective: To analyze the process of design and implementation of AUGE. Materials and methods: Literature review of pre-reform background, architecture design and implementation process of reform AUGE and complementary interviews to eight informants involved in its development. Results: The assessment of health equity was a key element in pre-reform, there are four fundamental dimensions in the design, and the implementation has nine phases. Conclusion: The results show AUGE strengthening public health by investing in equipment for cost-effective treatments, and also through clinical guidelines that standardize and guide the management of health professionals with patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Care Reform/economics , Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Care Reform/statistics & numerical data , Universal Health Insurance/economics , Universal Health Insurance/legislation & jurisprudence , Universal Health Insurance/statistics & numerical data , Chile , Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data , Health Priorities , Health Services/trends , Health Services Accessibility
6.
Physis (Rio J.) ; 25(1): 187-208, Jan-Mar/2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-746001

ABSTRACT

A Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileira é parte integrante da construção da democracia no Brasil e a Constituição Nacional de 1988 marca a descentralização política e financeira em direção aos municípios da federação. A pesquisa é qualitativa e objetiva analisar o processo democrático de construção, implantação e a aplicabilidade de uma Lei Municipal de Saúde Mental frente às contradições do processo social de reforma psiquiátrica brasileiro. Metodologia: triangulação de dados entre entrevistas com gestores (2), trabalhadores (5) e usuários (2) envolvidos com a política de saúde mental do município; observações registradas em diário de campo (18 horas em 6 turnos alternados); e análise de documentos públicos. Análise dos dados: pela característica da hipótese, optou-se pelo referencial materialista histórico e dialético, dividindo a análise em duas etapas cronológicas - de 1989 a 1996 (promulgação da legislação municipal) e de 1996 a 2007 (implantação dos serviços). Conclusões: a legislação municipal reformista de saúde mental é necessária enquanto garantia legal de direitos, mas a mesma possui sentido apenas se agregada à história que a produziu; é preciso aproximar-se da condição humana inerente às produções sociais para reproduzir nos novos trabalhadores de saúde o sentido da existência de movimentos sociais como a reforma psiquiátrica.


The Brazilian psychiatric reform is part of the construction of Brazil's democracy and the National Constitution of 1988 subscribes the politic and financial decentralization towards the nation's municipalities. This study reveals the country's democratization consequences in a Brazilian city in addition to the political characteristics of the psychiatric reform between 1989 until 2009. It is a qualitative research and aimed to analyze the democratic process of construction, implementation and applicability of a Municipal Law of Mental Health facing the contradictions of the Brazilian psychiatric reform processes, testing the hypothesis of necessity of a reformist mental health law at the municipal level. Methodology: interviews with managers (2), health workers (5) and users (2) involved with the mental health municipal policy; observations registered on a journal (18 hours divided in 6 alternate shifts); analysis of public domain documents. Data analysis: because of the hypothesis characteristics, the theoretical framework of historical and dialectical materialism was used in two chronological stages - from 1989 until 1996 (publication of the municipal law) and from 1996 until 2007 (implementation of services). Conclusions: the reformist municipal mental health law is necessary as a legal warrantee of rights, however, it only has meaning if summed to the history that has produced it; it is necessary to approach the inherent human condition of the social production to reproduce on the new health workers the meaning of existence of social movements such as the psychiatric reform.


Subject(s)
Humans , Democracy , Health Policy , Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Mental Health/trends , Brazil , Constitution and Bylaws , Politics/legislation & jurisprudence , Unified Health System/trends
7.
Biol. Res ; 48: 1-10, 2015. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950774

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The South American country Chile now boasts a life expectancy of over 80 years. As a consequence, Chile now faces the increasing social and economic burden of cancer and must implement political policy to deliver equitable cancer care. Hindering the development of a national cancer policy is the lack of comprehensive analysis of cancer infrastructure and economic impact. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate existing cancer policy, the extent of national investigation and the socio-economic impact of cancer to deliver guidelines for the framing of an equitable national cancer policy. METHODS: Burden, research and care-policy systems were assessed by triangulating objective system metrics -epidemiological, economic, etc. - with political and policy analysis. Analysis of the literature and governmental databases was performed. The oncology community was interviewed and surveyed. RESULTS: Chile utilizes 1% of its gross domestic product on cancer care and treatment. We estimate that the economic impact as measured in Disability Adjusted Life Years to be US$ 3.5 billion. Persistent inequalities still occur in cancer distribution and treatment. A high quality cancer research community is expanding, however, insufficient funding is directed towards disproportionally prevalent stomach, lung and gallbladder cancers. CONCLUSIONS: Chile has a rapidly ageing population wherein 40% smoke, 67% are overweight and 18% abuse alcohol, and thus the corresponding burden of cancer will have a negative impact on an affordable health care system. We conclude that the Chilean government must develop a national cancer strategy, which the authors outline herein and believe is essential to permit equitable cancer care for the country.


Subject(s)
Humans , Life Expectancy , Delivery of Health Care/economics , Biomedical Research/economics , Health Policy/economics , Neoplasms/economics , Socioeconomic Factors , Chile/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Clinical Trials as Topic/statistics & numerical data , Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Quality-Adjusted Life Years , Health Transition , Biomedical Research/legislation & jurisprudence , Biomedical Research/trends , Workforce , Healthcare Disparities/economics , Gross Domestic Product , Medical Oncology/organization & administration , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Obesity/epidemiology
8.
Salud colect ; 10(1): 41-55, ene.-abr. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-715755

ABSTRACT

En este artículo se presenta un análisis comparado de los procesos conducentes a una reforma de la atención médica en Argentina y EE.UU. El núcleo de análisis se ubica en los referentes doctrinarios esgrimidos por los promotores de la reforma y los procesos de toma de decisiones que pueden respaldar o derrotar sus propuestas. El análisis se inicia con una síntesis histórica de la cuestión en ambos países. En segundo término, se describe el proceso político que condujo a la sanción de la reforma Obama y, en relación a la Argentina, se defiende una hipótesis destinada a demostrar que el déficit de capacidades institucionales en los organismos de toma de decisiones en nuestro país es un severo obstáculo para la concreción de un cambio sustantivo en ese campo.


This article presents a comparative analysis of the processes leading to health care reform in Argentina and in the USA. The core of the analysis centers on the ideological references utilized by advocates of the reform and the decision-making processes that support or undercut such proposals. The analysis begins with a historical summary of the issue in each country. The political process that led to the sanction of the Obama reform is then described. The text defends a hypothesis aiming to show that deficiencies in the institutional capacities of Argentina's decision-making bodies are a severe obstacle to attaining substantial changes in this area within the country.


Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Health Care Reform , Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act , Argentina , Health Care Reform/history , Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Care Reform/organization & administration , Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act/legislation & jurisprudence , Politics , United States
9.
Bol. micol. (Valparaiso En linea) ; 27(2): 78-85, dic. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-679659

ABSTRACT

Una de las primeras medidas que tomó el nuevo gobierno de derecha en Chile, fue formar comisiones de expertos en salud, la mayoría de ellos vinculados al sector privado, para realizar propuestas de cambio en la materia. En 2011, se emitieron los informes que sentaron las bases un proyecto de ley actualmente en discusión. El presente ensayo tiene por finalidad realizar un análisis crítico de la propuesta de cambios, basado fundamentalmente en los planteamientos políticos actuales de la OMS en relación a los sistemas de salud. La propuesta plantea la creación de un plan básico de salud, lo que mantiene la tendencia de delimitación explícita del derecho a la salud, alejando aún más al sistema sanitario de la recomendación de la OMS de reducir la brecha de ofertas de servicios para alcanzar la universalidad. Las principales conclusiones del análisis crítico realizado son que existe un riesgo elevado de aumento de la inequidad en el acceso a la prestación de servicios debido a que las personas con más dinero podrán mantener o aumentar sus beneficios actuales y aquellas con menos ingresos tenderán a disminuir su acceso por el aumento del pago de bolsillo. Se puede asegurar que se trata de una propuesta que consolida las reformas neoliberales instaladas en Chile desde la década del 80.


Subject(s)
Health Inequities , Healthcare Disparities , Right to Health , Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Care Reform/organization & administration , Social Security , Chile
10.
Rev. salud pública ; 14(5): 865-877, Sept.-Oct. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-703402

ABSTRACT

Objetivo El propósito de este ensayo es explorar y analizar los cambios y oportunidades generados con la reforma del sistema de salud colombiano, a partir de la ley 1438 del 2011. Métodos Para lograrlo se revisan documentalmente algunos temas pendientes desde la reforma introducida por la ley 100 de 1993 y los compara con la norma del 2011; también se contrastan con algunas estrategias de la salud pública inoperantes en la etapa de la reforma, bajo condiciones del modelo de mercado. Resultados Se discute esta segunda fase de la reforma en relación con el alcance del derecho a la salud, el acceso y la equidad global. Se reconoce el avance en temas importantes, como la igualación de los paquetes de beneficios, la atención primaria en salud, las redes integradas de servicios de salud, pero se discute su inoperancia para modificar aspectos medulares del sistema, como la sostenibilidad financiera y la lógica económica que se imponen sobre las estrategias mencionadas las cuales ven cercenada su capacidad de respuesta, en aras de mantener incólume el modelo de la ley 100 de 1993. Conclusión Finalmente, se esbozan los puntos cruciales necesarios a una gran reforma estructural del sistema de salud colombiano que se base en el derecho a la salud y en la equidad.


Objective This essay was aimed at exploring and analysing the challenges and opportunities arising from reforming Colombian law 1438/2011 dealing with the healthcare-related social security system. Methods Some outstanding issues from the reform introduced by Law 100/1993 were reviewed and then compared to the 2011 regulations; they were also contrasted (in market model conditions) with some public health strategies which were inoperative during the reform stage. Results This second reform phase was discussed in relation to the scope of the right to health, access and overall equity. Progress regarding important issues such as benefit package equalisation, primary healthcare attention, integrated healthcare service networks was recognised; however, its failure to change core aspects of the system was discussed, i.e. financial sustainability and the economic rationale imposed on the aforementioned strategies which curtailed its responsiveness to keep the model introduced by law 100/1993 intact. Conclusion The crucial points necessary for major structural reform of the Colombian healthcare system based on the right to health and equity were then outlined.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Social Security/legislation & jurisprudence , Colombia , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/economics , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/legislation & jurisprudence , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/organization & administration , Government Agencies/legislation & jurisprudence , Government Agencies/organization & administration , Health Policy , Health Services Accessibility , Health Services Needs and Demand , Human Rights , Models, Organizational , Primary Health Care/legislation & jurisprudence , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Program Evaluation , Public Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Social Security/economics
11.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 31(1): 74-80, ene. 2012.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-618471

ABSTRACT

While U.S. health care reform will most likely reduce the overall number of uninsured Mexican-Americans, it does not address challenges related to health care coverage for undocumented Mexican immigrants, who will remain uninsured under the measures of the reform; documented low-income Mexican immigrants who have not met the five-year waiting period required for Medicaid benefits; or the growing number of retired U.S. citizens living in Mexico, who lack easy access to Medicare-supported services. This article reviews two promising binational initiatives that could help address these challenges-Salud Migrante and Medicare in Mexico; discusses their prospective applications within the context of U.S. health care reform; and identifies potential challenges to their implementation (legal, political, and regulatory), as well as the possible benefits, including coverage of uninsured Mexican immigrants, and their integration into the U.S. health care system (through Salud Migrante), and access to lower-cost Medicare-supported health care for U.S. retirees in Mexico (Medicare in Mexico).


Aunque la reforma del sector sanitario de los Estados Unidos muy probablemente reducirá el número global de ciudadanos estadounidenses de origen mexicano sin cobertura de atención de la salud, esta reforma no afronta los problemas relacionados con esta cobertura para los inmigrantes mexicanos indocumentados, quienes seguirán sin tener seguro aun tras la aplicación de las medidas de la reforma; para los inmigrantes mexicanos documentados de bajos ingresos que no han cumplido el período de espera de cinco años requerido para recibir las prestaciones de Medicaid; o para el número cada vez mayor de ciudadanos estadounidenses jubilados que viven en México y no pueden acceder con facilidad a los servicios de Medicare. En este artículo se analizan dos iniciativas binacionales prometedoras que podrían ayudar a afrontar estos retos: Salud Migrante y Medicare en México. Se tratan además sus futuras aplicaciones dentro del contexto de la reforma del sector sanitario de los Estados Unidos y se señalan los posibles retos para su ejecución (legales, políticos y reglamentarios), al igual que las posibles prestaciones, como la cobertura de los inmigrantes mexicanos no asegurados y su integración en el sistema de atención de la salud de los Estados Unidos (mediante Salud Migrante), y el acceso a atención de la salud de bajo costo, con el apoyo de Medicare, para los jubilados estadounidenses residentes en México (Medicare en México).


Subject(s)
Humans , Emigrants and Immigrants , Emigration and Immigration , Insurance Coverage , Insurance, Health/organization & administration , International Cooperation , Medicare/organization & administration , Transients and Migrants , Emigrants and Immigrants/legislation & jurisprudence , Emigration and Immigration/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Care Reform/economics , Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Services Accessibility/economics , Insurance Coverage/economics , Insurance Coverage/legislation & jurisprudence , Insurance, Health/economics , Insurance, Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Insurance, Major Medical/legislation & jurisprudence , International Cooperation/legislation & jurisprudence , Medically Uninsured/legislation & jurisprudence , Medicare/legislation & jurisprudence , Mexican Americans , Mexico , Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act , Pilot Projects , Poverty/economics , Retirement/economics , Transients and Migrants/legislation & jurisprudence , United States , Global Health/economics , Global Health/legislation & jurisprudence
12.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 16(12): 4579-4589, dez. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-606579

ABSTRACT

O artigo provoca olhares sobre a Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira (RPB) na última década, após a homologação da Lei Federal 10.216/2001 e pretende suscitar o debate inadiável sobre os novos desafios que ela precisa enfrentar para alimentar ou reciclar a antiga utopia de "cidadania plena para todos, numa sociedade sem manicômios". Estaria a Reforma dando sinais de exaustão? É inegável a reorientação do modelo assistencial de Saúde Mental no Brasil do hospital para a comunidade nessa última década. Ao tomar o uso de Substâncias Psicoativas como objeto de políticas e intervenção, incorpora demandas complexas que o atual drama do Crack somente imediatiza a necessidade de questionar sua história, seus limites, sua potência. O que manterá acesa a chama de um movimento exitoso que, surpreendentemente, resiste à força do tempo e do estigma nesses dez anos da Lei? Essas e outras questões precisam ser equacionadas. Está na hora de reciclar os focos de avaliação e análise no sentido de identificar o que ameaça sua vitalidade. Esse é o desafio que a articulista e debatedores estarão provocados a contribuir.


The article takes a look at Brazilian Psychiatric Reform over the past decade, after the approval of Federal Law 10.216/2001 and seeks to elicit long overdue discussion about the pressing challenges that Brazilian Psychiatric Reform needs to tackle to promote or review the long-desired utopia of "full citizenship for all in a society without asylums." Is the Reform showing signs of exhaustion? The redirection of the care model for Mental Health in Brazil from the hospital to the community over the past decade is an undeniable achievement. Taking the use of psychoactive substances as the scope of policy and intervention, this incorporates complex demands that the current Crack drama makes it more urgent to question its history, its limits, its power. What will keep the flame alight of a successful movement that, surprisingly, has resisted the force of time and stigma in the ten years since the Law was enacted? These and other questions need to be worked on. It is time to recycle the focus of assessment and analysis in order to identify what threatens its vitality. This is the challenge to which the writer and debaters will be enjoined to contribute.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Care Reform , Health Policy , Mental Health Services/standards , Brazil , Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Hospitals, Psychiatric , Mental Health Services/legislation & jurisprudence , Mental Health Services/organization & administration
14.
Salvador; s.n; 2011. 172 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | SES-BA, ColecionaSUS, CONASS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1117561

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo procura analisar o processo de institucionalização dos espaços para formação e desenvolvimento de Recursos Humanos em Saúde ­ RHS na Secretaria de Saúde do Estado da Bahia - SESAB, entre 1971 e 2006. Observando as modificações no campo da saúde e a evolução histórica e política brasileira e baiana, a pesquisa buscou compreender a criação, desenvolvimento e (re)estruturação do Aparelho para Formação e Desenvolvimento de RHS (AFD-RHS) na SESAB, em três períodos históricos (1971 - 1986, 1987 - 1990 e 1991 - 2006). No primeiro período, sob a face do governo militar, se organizam movimentos para o surgimento de um espaço de formação dentro dessa instituição. No segundo período observa-se certa ruptura com a linha política e ideológica que dominava a Bahia, com repercussões para o setor saúde e para o AFD-RHS. No terceiro período, houve o retorno e continuidade de aliados que se revezavam no poder no chamado Carlismo. O desenho desse estudo de caso histórico privilegiou a investigação qualitativa de caráter exploratório, com pesquisa documental e entrevistas, voltadas para ex-dirigentes dos órgãos de RHS da SESAB. Na fundamentação teórica utilizou-se o referencial elaborado por Mario Testa para análise de instituições, considerando os diferentes tipos de poder setorial (técnico, administrativo, político) e as estratégias de hegemonia. Os resultados apresentados indicam a trajetória de expansão do AFD-RHS, destacando a ação dos sujeitos na conformação dessa estrutura. Condiz com algumas reflexões no sentido de interpretar as razões quanto a criação, surgimento ou (re)estruturação (motivo-porque) desse aparelho e quanto à necessidade ou demanda social (motivo-para) que tem buscado atender.


Subject(s)
Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Care Reform/standards , Unified Health System/legislation & jurisprudence , Brazil , Health Workforce/standards
16.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 18(4): 632-637, out.-dez. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-583586

ABSTRACT

Quando nos deparamos com a internação psiquiátrica involuntária (IPI), percebemos que suas características têm implicações para a relação enfermagem/paciente. Objetivamos analisar o impacto da IPI para a clínica de enfermagem. Foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa, mediante grupo focal, com 20 membros da equipe de enfermagem de uma instituição psiquiátrica universitária, do município do Rio de Janeiro, em 2007. São resultados: há preocupação das equipes com a evolução clínica dos pacientes, não sendo evidenciada a singularidade da enfermagem psiquiátrica. Não foi observada qualquer manifestação da equipe de enfermagem em relação ao paciente submetido à IPI, não havendo registro sobre tal ocorrência. Assim, a enfermagem, por não ter essa informação, não planeja ações específicas para tal condição.


When confronted with involuntary psychiatric commitment (IPC), one realizes that its characteristics have implications for the nurse-patient relationship. In order to examine the impact of IPC on clinical nursing, a qualitative study was conducted with 20 members of the nursing team at a university psychiatric institution in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro in 2007. Results: the teams were concerned with the patients’ clinical evolution; however, the specific features of psychiatric nursing were not in evidence. The nursing team was not observed to make any manifestation in relation to IPC patients, and there was no record of IPC. For lack of such information, nursing staff cannot plan specific measures to contemplate that condition.


Ante la internación psiquiátrica involuntaria (IPI), percibimos que sus características tienen implicaciones para la relación enfermería/paciente. Objetivamos analizar el impacto de la IPI para la clínica de enfermería. Se realizó investigación cualitativa, mediante grupo focal, con 20 miembros del equipo de enfermería de una institución universitaria psiquiátrica, del municipio de Río de Janeiro-RJ-Brasil, en 2007. Resultados: hay preocupación de los equipos con la evolución clínica de los pacientes, no siendo evidenciada la singularidad de la enfermería psiquiátrica. Ninguna manifestación del equipo de enfermería, en lo referente al paciente de IPI, fue observada, no habiendo registro de tal hecho. Así, la enfermería, por non tener esa información, no planea acciones específicas para esa condición.


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychiatric Nursing/methods , Commitment of Mentally Ill , Nurse-Patient Relations , Brazil , Focus Groups , Qualitative Research , Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence
17.
Indian J Med Ethics ; 2010 Jul-Sept; 7(3): 165-167
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-144740

ABSTRACT

Historic legislation for healthcare reform in the United States was enacted in March 2010. Reforms in medical practice, payment for services, and access to care and insurance will be introduced by complex processes over time through 2019. The overriding goals of healthcare reform are cost containment and guaranteeing access to all Americans. The contentious political struggle that preceded the legislation is emblematic of the continuous struggle in American society to define who is worthy of services. Understanding the value framework for social and welfare provisions in American society is crucial to making sense of the piecemeal policymaking characteristic of the development of healthcare over the past 50 years. Here some highlights of the reform and the complex organisation of American healthcare are discussed.


Subject(s)
Health Care Reform/legislation & jurisprudence , Humans , Politics , United States , Universal Health Insurance/legislation & jurisprudence , Universal Health Insurance/organization & administration
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL